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»Berlin war anders«, schrieb die Journalistin Susanne Kippenberger 2009 in treffender Hilflosigkeit über das eingemauerte Gebilde zwischen DDR und Bundesrepublik, dessen quecksilbrige Facettenvielfalt so eigentümlich mit seinen scharf markierten Grenzen kontrastiert. Das Berlin, das sie meinte, war West-Berlin – in ihrer Erinnerung einerseits wild und elektrisierend, andererseits übersichtlich und familiär, eigentlich riesengroß und doch eher ein Dorf. West-Berlin war anders – aber wie und was war West-Berlin?
In spite of the prevailing myth, neither the political self-conception of West Berlin that emerged soon after the war nor the city’s international image were mere by-products of the Cold War. They resulted, rather, from a binational campaign that was based on strategic considerations. Returned Social Democratic émigrés, sympathetic American officials, and certain journalists convinced the German and the American public of West Berlin’s heroic defence of democratic ideals with remarkable speed and success. They could rely on both tangible and intangible resources for their campaign of erecting an ›Outpost of Freedom‹ in what was left of the former Reichshauptstadt. While the heady Weimar days of pre-war Berlin provided countless images that appeared to authenticate this new narrative, the transatlantic network was also able to draw on considerable financial resources and media outlets to promote it. This article seeks to outline the historical actors behind the project and the narratives on which they drew.