Begriffe
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For centuries, nostalgia denoted homesickness, but current dictionary definitions indicate that these two concepts have parted ways and acquired discrete meanings. However, it is one thing to demonstrate that contemporary definitions of nostalgia and homesickness are distinct; it is another to show that the way people think about nostalgia and its characteristics corresponds to this lexicographic knowledge. In 2012, Erica G. Hepper and colleagues therefore asked laypeople to identify which features they considered most characteristic of the construct ›nostalgia‹ and found that respondents conceptualised nostalgia as a predominantly positive, social, and past-oriented emotion. In nostalgic reverie, one brings to mind a fond and personally meaningful event, often involving one’s childhood. The person tends to see the event through rose-coloured glasses and may even long to return to the past. As a result, he or she feels sentimental, typically happy but with a hint of sadness.
Christian Geulen geht es darum, neue begriffsgeschichtliche Impulse in die Diskussion zu schleusen und nichts Geringeres als eine „Geschichte der Grundbegriffe des 20. Jahrhunderts“ zu lancieren. Konkret soll der semantische Wandel untersucht werden, den die politisch-soziale Sprache seit dem späten 19. Jahrhundert erfahren hat. Die Suche nach der Herkunft unserer Gegenwart würde sich dann, vereinfacht gesagt, auf die in den „Geschichtlichen Grundbegriffen“ ignorierte Zeitspanne von etwa 1900 bis 2000 erstrecken. Als distinktives Merkmal hierfür wird ein Wechsel des Primats im Verhältnis von Erfahrungsraum und Erwartungshorizont angenommen. Hatte seit der Sattelzeit die Erwartung zunehmend den Erfahrungsraum aufgerissen und die Führung übernommen, zeichnet sich nach Geulen in der Gegenwart eine Verkehrung ab, indem die Erwartung gleichsam von der Erfahrung dirigiert wird.
How have Jewish intellectuals reflected on the German language both in relation to and in the aftermath of the ›catastrophe‹? This essay explores one perspective, that of H.G. Adler (Prague, 1910 – London, 1988), a scholar, author, and survivor of the Shoah. Adler’s relationship to and reflections on the German language offer insights into the experience of persecution and survival as well as into the memory and representation of the Holocaust. His vast body of work testifies to both the possibility and the necessity of writing ›after Auschwitz‹, and indeed to the necessity of writing in German after the Holocaust. A survivor of Theresienstadt, Auschwitz, and two satellite camps of Buchenwald (Niederorschel and Langenstein-Zwieberge), Adler went on to write in various forms, from the analytic to the poetic, about National Socialism, antisemitism, and life and death in the concentration and extermination camp system. His scholarly work made an important contribution to establishing the international and interdisciplinary field of Holocaust Studies, and his poetry and novels bear witness to his own personal experiences in the camps, albeit not in a directly autobiographical form.