1945-
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Journal Article (553)
- Part of a Book (77)
- Online Publication (45)
- Book (14)
- Preprint (2)
Keywords
- Begriffe (5)
- Deutschland (DDR) (5)
- Forschungsfelder (5)
- Deutschland (4)
- Deutschland (Bundesrepublik) (3)
- Geschichte (3)
- Nationalsozialismus (3)
- Vergangenheitsbewältigung (3)
- Christlich-Demokratische Union Deutschlands (2)
- Computer (2)
- Agrarpolitik (1)
- Amerikaner (1)
- Antifaschismus <Motiv> (1)
- Auftragsforschung (1)
- Außenpolitik (1)
- Begriffe, Forschungsfelder (1)
- Berlin (West) (1)
- Berlin-Friedrichshain (1)
- Berlin-Kreuzberg (1)
- Broiler (1)
- Bundesbehörde (1)
- Bundesministerium (1)
- Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de télédiffusion (1)
- Computerunterstütztes Verfahren (1)
- Datenverarbeitung (1)
- Drittes Reich (1)
- Einflussnahme (1)
- Entwicklungsländer (1)
- Film (1)
- Frankreich (1)
- Geflügelproduktion (1)
- Gendenktag (1)
- Gentrifizierung (1)
- Geschichte 1930 - 1949 (1)
- Geschichte 1945- (1)
- Geschichte 1945-1955 (1)
- Geschichte 1945-1969 (1)
- Geschichte 1945-1975 (1)
- Geschichte 1945-1994 (1)
- Geschichte 1955-1990 (1)
- Geschichte 1957-1993 (1)
- Geschichte 1958-1971 (1)
- Geschichte 1961-2001 (1)
- Geschichte 1965-1990 (1)
- Informationsgesellschaft (1)
- Informationstechnik (1)
- Internationale Kooperation (1)
- Klassiker (1)
- Konsumgesellschaft (1)
- Konzentrationslager Weimar-Buchenwald <Motiv> (1)
- Konzern (1)
- Kriegsende (1)
- Kult (1)
- Medialisierung (1)
- Methoden (1)
- Militär (1)
- Ost-West-Konflikt (1)
- Periodisierung (1)
- Polen (1)
- Politische Bewegung (1)
- Politischer Gefangener (1)
- Positionierung (Marketing) (1)
- Privater Rundfunk (1)
- Privatleben (1)
- Propaganda (1)
- Prozesse (1)
- Rentenversicherung (1)
- Solidarität (1)
- Sowjetunion (1)
- Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands (1)
- Staat (1)
- Stalin, Josif Vissarionovič (1)
- Unternehmen (1)
- Verwaltungsautomation (1)
- Volkswagen AG (1)
- Wettbewerb (1)
- Wissenschaft (1)
- Wohnen (1)
- Zwangsarbeiter (1)
- Zweiter Weltkrieg (1)
- Öffentlich-rechtlicher Rundfunk (1)
- Öffentlichkeit (1)
Historians have analyzed films, novels, records, theater plays etc. primarily in reference to their meaning and reception. This article makes a case for moving the focus to the actors, structures and processes that shape symbolic objects before these are consumed. To this end, we present a framework established in US sociology to study the fabrication, distribution and evaluation of symbolic content. We discuss the production of culture perspective as an approach that appears to be particularly useful for historical research and, by reviewing selected works from the sociological literature, demonstrate how this perspective can be applied to phenomena like popular music and literary fiction. We focus on genres as bundles of conventions as one lens through which historians may analyze the creation, reproduction, evaluation and consumption of culture.
How will Russia’s war of aggression in Ukraine end? What kinds of political scenarios could stop the suffering and bring stability to the region? Of all the different future scenarios none is particularly encouraging. In particular, the prospect of a ›Finlandized‹ Ukraine has met with near universal rejection. Yet, ever since Russia’s illegal annexation of the Crimea, ›Finlandization‹ of Ukraine has been discussed as a potential solution.
At the beginning of the twenty-first century the problem of European frontiers ceased to exist. This is because they are no longer determined by a sense of European identity, but rather by a consensus reached in Brussels. The European borderlands disappeared generations ago and were substituted by peripheries of the capitalist world-economy. It may be said that both concepts are of only academic interest. However, I am not convinced.
The first thesis the paper argues is that a certain collective identity emerged at the shop floor („we“, the workers as opposed to „them“, party leaders, intelligentsia, peasants, the self-employed) that was built - and declared - increasingly in opposition to the official ideology and the communist party.5 Important factors in this process were the growing economic difficulties, the party’s apparent inability to solve them and the increasing materialism people experienced in the everyday life - including party member- and leadership. From the mid-70s onwards, the workers could perceive the worsening economic situation of the country by the decrease of the real wages and the need to do overwork or take extra jobs (first in the agriculture and then in the so-called vgmk-s) to keep the former standards of living. The continuously increasing prices made the impact of the „global market“ real regardless of the stance of the Central Committee. The sharpening criticism of the system is formulated, however, not from the viewpoint of the individual but that of the worker, which suggests the existence of a collective identity. One may call it a paradox of the Communist ideology that the system, after all, was successful to develop working-class collective identities but these were built in opposition to the Communist regime and not for it. The paper will attempt to show how these „oppositionist“ identities were formulated and in what ways they are indicative of the alienation of the workers from the workers’ state.
Milton Friedman hung up the phone in disgruntlement. The most influential economist of the postwar era had just called three different banks, one in Chicago and then two in New York, in order to initiate a financial transaction. He wanted to sell short $300,000 in pound sterling. Short selling is a technique for speculating on falling prices. Initially, speculators can only speculate on rising prices: they buy something and hope that it gains value, so that they can sell it at a profit. If the price for this asset goes down instead, the speculator incurs a loss when he resells it. So in order to profit from falling prices, speculators need to sell first and buy later – which is indeed possible if what is sold now is in fact only to be delivered a few weeks later. If the speculator is right and prices fall in the interim, he can buy cheap just before delivery is due and thus profit from having already sold what, at the time, he had not yet owned.
1977 schalteten Computerwissenschaftler aus Ost und West erstmals eine Datenverbindung durch den Eisernen Vorhang. Am IIASA in Laxenburg bei Wien arbeiteten sie gemeinsam an der Entwicklung grenzüberschreitender Computernetze. Verbesserte Kommunikationsmöglichkeiten sollten die internationale Forschung stimulieren und einen Forschungsverbund schaffen, der weit mehr als die am Institut ansässigen Wissenschaftler umfasste. Hinzu kam die Vorstellung, mit Hilfe elektronischer Datennetze die Gesellschaften effektiver steuern zu können. Diese Planungsutopien gehören der Vergangenheit an, die Vision der Computernetze jedoch ist mit dem Internet Realität geworden.
Sozialhistoriker haben sich traditionell schwer damit getan, die spezifische Form und Relevanz der Religion in der modernen Gesellschaft zu verstehen. Das lag nicht nur, wie oft unterstellt wird, an der unhinterfragten Gültigkeit eines weit verstandenen Säkularisierungskonzepts, das Religion als etwas Vormodernes per se aus der historischen Analyse der Zeit nach 1800 ausschloss. Es lag auch und zumal an der komplizierten disziplinären Lage der Religionsgeschichte, die lange zwischen einer konfessionell gebundenen und methodisch konventionellen Kirchengeschichte, einigen mit weitem Blick historisch arbeitenden Theologen sowie den Vertretern der ›säkularen‹ Sozialgeschichte eingezwängt war.